National level smart agriculture industry policy and planning

In recent years, China has basically established a complete policy system in the field of smart agriculture, covering the implementation from the central level to the local level, from infrastructure construction to technology promotion and application and social services. This policy system effectively promotes the rapid development of smart agriculture by promoting up-down linkage, multi-party participation and collaborative cooperation.

Central No. 1 document on the planning of intelligent agriculture

Since the reform and opening up, the central government has successively issued more than ten "No. 1 documents" on rural work. "No. 1 Document" is the first document issued by the Central Committee every year, and is a specific term for the importance of rural issues by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and The State Council. According to the different historical background, the "No. 1 document" has a different focus every year.

Over the years, the "No. 1 document" has repeatedly mentioned key words such as "precision agriculture" and "smart agriculture". In the "No. 1 document" in 2012, the importance of comprehensively promoting rural agricultural informatization was first proposed. The "No. 1 Document" of 2015 puts agricultural modernization at the top of the agenda. The "No. 1 Document" of 2018 closely links smart agriculture with rural revitalization. By 2022, we will continue to promote rural revitalization, accelerate the development of digital countryside with the support of big data and the Internet, and promote the further advancement of smart agriculture. The formulation of these policies reflects the great importance attached to the development of smart agriculture in the region, and has greatly promoted the rapid development of smart agriculture.

The influence of national key planning/policy on the development of intelligent agriculture industry

During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, we embarked on a new journey towards comprehensively building a modern socialist country, the first five years towards the second centenary goal. This is also an important period for us to comprehensively promote rural revitalization and digital China construction. In the current era, the new generation of information technology such as the Internet of Things, big data and artificial intelligence has accelerated the integration of agriculture and rural areas, promoting China's agriculture to the era of smart agriculture. Ten departments, including the Cyberspace Administration of the CPC Central Committee and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, jointly issued the Action Plan for Digital Rural Development (2022-2025), which clearly put forward the "smart agriculture innovation and Development Action" to accelerate the development of smart agriculture. The development of smart agriculture is not only an important part of the construction of digital countryside, but also an urgent need to solve the problems of "three rural" in our country and build the new advantages of modern agriculture's international competition. It plays an important role in guiding and promoting the implementation of China's agricultural modernization and rural revitalization strategy. In the future, we will focus on promoting the development process of agricultural and rural modernization, and formulated the 14th Five-Year Plan for Promoting Agricultural and Rural Modernization.

China's smart agriculture key development tasks

We will promote the work of "new infrastructure" in agriculture and rural areas, and build a new agricultural information infrastructure system that is ubiquitous, advanced, open and shared. We will accelerate the construction of new infrastructure such as 5G networks, data centers, storage and preservation cold chain logistics, upgrade national agricultural and rural big data centers, and form standardization technologies and data exchange mechanisms for agricultural big data. Carry out the in-depth application of agricultural big data, and establish the key technology system of agricultural big data intelligence; Build a new agricultural knowledge map, promote the data information into practical value, and realize the precision and intelligence of agricultural information services.

Develop a multi-scale "sky, air and earth" agricultural resource and environment information acquisition network and an agricultural resource and environment information perception technology system, build a multi-temporal, multi-dimensional and high-precision agricultural resource and environment information acquisition system and intelligent service platform, and support the improvement of agricultural resource and environment monitoring and information service capabilities. Overcome the bottleneck technology of field and horticultural crop sensors, accelerate the construction of "digital farming conditions", and form an integrated technical system for the construction and operation of intelligent greenhouse facilities. For large-scale farmland, greenhouse promotion of planting environment monitoring and control, "water and fertilizer medicine" precise application, soil crop wisdom management and other technical equipment, batch construction of "unmanned (or less human) farms" and "plant factories".

Construct intelligent ecology of agricultural product supply chain, research and develop intelligent equipment for post-harvest processing and cold chain of agricultural products, and innovate the operation mode of agricultural product supply chain to significantly improve efficiency. Develop key technologies of smart equipment driven by clean energy and intelligent control technologies for cold storage to promote the transformation and upgrading of the agricultural cold chain industry. In the supply chain management of agricultural products, blockchain, big data, and AI technologies are applied to comprehensively supervise the information of many links of the entire industrial chain of agricultural products, such as agricultural materials, production, processing, storage, and transportation, and build the digital twin capability of the supply chain of agricultural products to improve the traceability level of agricultural product quality and safety. Explore the use of data alliance chain to build a new type of supply chain collaboration network, reduce the trust cost of supply chain, and support the development of agricultural product supply chain towards green, intelligent, efficient and open direction.

Keep up with the development trend of smart agricultural science and technology in the world, rely on promoting the cultivation of major industrial projects, and balance the potential technology demand, industrial growth potential, product competitiveness, and technology-driven leadership. Focusing on the three key innovation areas of agricultural intelligent equipment manufacturing, agricultural sensor and measurement and control terminal design and manufacturing, agricultural software and emerging information service industry, the implementation of smart agriculture related technology industry cultivation projects, promote smart agriculture innovation chain and industrial chain precision docking, so that the development of "agriculture, agriculture and agriculture" better benefit from smart agricultural technology and products. Improve the application maturity of information technologies such as AI, 5G, edge computing, and new human-computer interaction in the development of smart agricultural machines, agricultural sensors, and agricultural software, and improve the supporting ability of smart agricultural hardware and software products. Develop agricultural intelligent production equipment, agricultural intelligent operation robots and other key intelligent agricultural machinery equipment, realize the standardization and industrialization of a new generation of agricultural sensors with good adaptability, high cost performance and intelligent decision-making, and build agricultural software industry ecology and industrial clusters.

Highlight the concept of green ecology, help carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, respond to the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, take green ecology as the main line, apply digital technology to enable green agriculture, and achieve high standards of fertilizer, livestock and poultry carbon emissions; We will build demonstration zones for green and smart agriculture to lead the development of green agriculture with high energy efficiency and high quality. We will implement intelligent transformation of cultivated land protection, popularize and apply high-efficiency water-saving irrigation technology, and improve the efficiency of agricultural land and water resources utilization. We will explore the precise regulation of plant and animal growth and development based on the integration of big data and multi-omics, and the intelligent stress of environmental changes, establish a modern intelligent ecological agriculture production system that ADAPTS to climate change, achieve precision planting and breeding, and reduce carbon emissions in the agricultural system. We will promote the construction of intelligent ecological protection, establish demonstration zones for intelligent ecological protection and restoration, and realize dynamic monitoring and early warning and intelligent supervision of the ecological environment.

Classified path for promoting smart agriculture with Chinese characteristics

To promote the effective connection between small farmers and modern agriculture as the goal, based on the "information into villages and households project" and the "National agricultural science and education cloud platform", establish a regional agricultural big data intelligent service platform with complete functions, provide small farmers with convenient, efficient and accurate agricultural knowledge services, and promote the precision and personalized agricultural production services. Encourage all kinds of social service organizations and information enterprises to explore new models of agricultural intelligent voice interaction services, provide small farmers with specialized and personalized agricultural science and technology information, production hosting, equipment sharing and other services, and reduce the application cost of smart agricultural technology products and services. Continue to carry out the "Internet +" agricultural products out of the village into the city project, support e-commerce enterprises and scientific research institutions to jointly explore a new model of e-commerce agriculture, provide small farmers with a platform for production and marketing, and support the production and marketing of high-quality and featured agricultural products, high quality and high prices.

With the goal of improving the management ability of family farms and achieving the best economies of scale, we will develop appropriate scale standards for smart agriculture demonstration farms, and support family farms in major grain producing areas, advantage areas of bulk agricultural products, and modern agriculture demonstration zones to create smart agriculture demonstration farms. On the basis of the "China Agricultural Social Service Platform", we will guide and support various social service organizations to provide family farms with menu-style, whole-process production and hosting smart agricultural social services. Market players are encouraged to develop applicable data products, provide customized technology packages and emergency plans for family farms, and support targeted production scheduling.

Organize forces to develop the applicability standards of unmanned ecological farm technology application modes in different regions and industries. Take the National modern agricultural Industrial Park as the main carrier, give priority to supporting farms above designated size such as grain, vegetables, pigs, dairy cows, egg and poultry or enterprises (cooperatives) to build national unmanned farming (livestock) demonstration bases in batches, and promote the integrated application of unmanned autonomous operations in stages, layers, fields and echelons. As soon as possible to form an ecological, unmanned production technology system commensurate with the status of China's agricultural power. Social capital is encouraged to focus on the application of "new infrastructure" agricultural scenarios, participate in the construction of new infrastructure such as farm 5G networks, data centers, basic data resource systems, and digital supply chains for agricultural products, and batch build smart farms, smart plant factories, smart pastures, smart fisheries, smart orchards, and intelligent processing workshops for agricultural products, and highlight the demonstration effect.